Skip to main content

Neonatal mortality

By

Union Minister for Health & Family Welfare recently said that in order to strengthen neonatal services in the country, funds are provided to States for establishing and running Special Newborn Care Units (SNCU), Newborn Stabilization Units (NBSU) and Newborn Baby Care Corners (NBCC). 

Funds have also been allocated to States for implementing Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) which provides for free care and transport of sick newborn for first 30 days of birth. As per SRS 2010 report of Registrar General of India, Neo-natal Mortality Rate is 33 per thousand live births in India.


 IMPORTANT DEFINITION
  • Perinatal mortality only includes deaths between the foetal viability (22 weeks gestation) and the end of the 7th day after delivery.
  • Neonatal mortality only includes deaths in the first 28 days of life.
  • Postneonatal mortality only includes deaths after 28 days of life but before one year.
  • Child mortality includes deaths within the first five years after birth.


What basically is Neonatal mortality ?
**Early neonatal mortality refers to a death of a live-born baby within the first seven days of life, while late neonatal mortality covers the time after 7 days until before 28 days. 
**The sum of these two represents the neonatal mortality. Some definitions of the PNM include only the early neonatal mortality. 
**Neonatal mortality is affected by the quality of in-hospital care for the neonate. Neonatal mortality and postneonatal mortality (covering the remaining 11 months of the first year of life) are reflected in theInfant Mortality Rate.

Various contributing factors for neonatal mortality include 
(a) Home delivery by unskilled persons 
(b) Lack of essential new born care for asphyxia and hypothermia 
(c) Poor child care practices 
(d) Lack of early detection of sick newborn 
(e) Inadequate/Delayed referral mechanisms 
(f) Inadequate infrastructure in govt. hospitals for specialized care of sick newborn.

 The medical causes of neonatal deaths  in India are Infections (29%) such as Pneumonia, Septicemia and Umbilical Cord infection; Prematurity (24%) i.e birth of newborn before 37 weeks of gestation and Asphyxia (19%)  i.e. inability to breathe immediately after birth that leads to lack of Oxygen.


What is Perinatal Mortality Rate ?
The PNMR refers to the number of perinatal deaths per 1,000 total births. It is usually reported on an annual basis. It is a major marker to assess the quality of health care delivery. Comparisons between different rates may be hampered by varying definitions, registration bias, and differences in the underlying risks of the populations.
PNMRs vary widely and may be below 10 for certain developed countries and more than 10 times higher in developing countries . The WHO has not published contemporary data.

What is SRS (Sample Registration System)?


 **The Sample Registration System (SRS) is a large-scale demographic survey in India for providing reliable annual estimates of birth rate, death rate and other fertility & mortality indicators at the national and sub-national levels.
**The field investigation consists of continuous enumeration of births and deaths in selected sample units by resident part time enumerators, generally anganwadi workers & teachers, and an independent survey every six months by SRS supervisors.
**The data obtained by these two independent functionaries are matched.
** The unmatched and partially matched events are re-verified in the field and thereafter an unduplicated count of births and deaths is obtained.
**The sample unit in rural areas is a village or a segment of it, if the village population is 2000 or more. In urban areas, the sampling unit is a census enumeration block with population ranging from 750 to 1000.
**At present, SRS is operational in 7,597 sample units (4,433 rural and 3,164 urban) spread across all States and Union territories and covers about 1.5 million households and 7.27 million population.

Source : IAS Our Dream
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Folk Dances of India

By
India is a land of diverse cultures and traditions. Each region of the country has a unique culture, which is also prominently visible in its various art forms. Almost all the regions of the country have their specific folk music and dance, which proves to be a wonderful way of expression of their community and its traditions. Though these folk dances are not as complex as the classical dance forms, they are very beautiful, because of the essence of rawness in them. Be it the Bihu of Assam, Dol-Cholom of Manipur, Hikal of Himachal Pradesh or Chhau of Bihar, each of the Indian folk dance forms comes across as a reflection of the deep sited beliefs and traditions of a particular culture. The folk dances of any community are performed on almost every special occasion and festival, to express elation and joy. These dances are also considered to be auspicious by many of the tribal communities in the country. Many folk dances are dedicated to the presiding deity of the specific commu...
1 comment
Read more

DBT’s Revolutionary Finding for Public Health: Zinc Significantly Lowers Risk of Treatment Failure in Young Children with Serious Infections

By
The Secretary of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India today claimed to have made a significant stride in the field of improving public health with biotech researches. Speaking to Press he said that a revelation of a recent study by DBT will help in saving the new born children provided its outcome is put into proper application. He said treating young children with suspected serious bacterial infection with zinc in addition to standard antibiotics significantly reduces the likelihood of treatment failure (measured as the need for secondary antibiotic treatment within 7 days, need for intensive care, or death within 21 days), according to new research published  Online First  in The Lancet. In 2010, worldwide, infections were responsible for nearly two-thirds of deaths in children under 5, with around two-fifths of deaths occurring within the first month of life. Of the 1 million neonatal deaths that occur in India every year, more than a quarter are attributed ...
2 comments
Read more

India 2012 - A must buy

By
INDIA- 2012 by Publication Division A book that is mandatory to have...!!!! Much awaited book of the year India-2012 was finally out on february 27,2012.It covers all important areas regarding this country such as science and technology,defence,agriculture etc... As it is published by govt of India(ministry of Information and broadcasting,department of publication division)the information in this book is more genuine that any other book. for the people who are preparing for competitive exams(especially for UPSC exams)this book will be very useful.It is more better than having any other gk book.so friends order your copy and start reading... Book Summary of India 2012 India 2012 Reference Annual gives a comprehensive view of country's progress in the field of rural and urban development, industry and infrastructure, science and technology, art and culture, economy, health, defence, education and mass communication. The Reference Annual incorporates sections on gene...
5 comments
Read more