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Reducing Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

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Under the National Rural Health Mission, the following key interventions are being implemented to bring down the mortality rate of children across all the States of the country: 

1. Promotion of Institutional Delivery through Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY): Promoting Institution delivery by skilled birth attendant is key to reducing both maternal and neo-natal mortality. 

2. Emphasis on facility based newborn care at different levels to reduce Child Mortality: Setting up of facilities for care of Sick Newborn such as Special New Born Care Units (SNCUs), New Born Stabilization Units (NBSUs) and New Born Baby Corners (NBCCs) at different levels is a thrust area under NRHM. 

3. Capacity building of health care providers: Various trainings are being conducted under NRHM to train doctors, nurses and ANM for early diagnosis and case management of common ailments of children and care of mother during pregnancy and delivery. These trainings are on IMNCI, NSSK, SBA, LSAS, EMOC, BMOC etc. 

4. Management of Malnutrition: 657 Nutritional Rehabilitation Centres have been established for management of severe acute malnutrition. 

5. Appropriate infant and young child feeding practices are being promoted in convergence with Ministry of Woman and Child Development. Village Health and Nutrition Days (VHNDs) are organized for imparting nutritional counselling to mothers and to improve child care practices. 

6. Universal Immunization Programme: Vaccination protects children against many life threatening diseases such as Tuberculosis, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Polio, Tetanus, Hepatitis B and Measles. Infants are thus immunized against seven vaccine preventable diseases every year. The Government of India supports the vaccine programme by supply of vaccines and syringes, cold chain equipments and provision of operational costs. 

7. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK): A new initiative namely Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram has been launched on 1st June, 2011, which entitles all pregnant women delivering in public health institutions to absolutely free and no expense delivery including caesarean section. The initiative stipulates free drugs, diagnostics, blood and diet, besides free transport from home to institution, between facilities in case of a referral and drop back home. Similar entitlements have been put in place for all sick newborns accessing public health institutions for treatment till 30 days after birth. 

8. Home Based New Born Care (HBNC): Home based newborn care through ASHAs has been initiated by providing incentive of Rs. 250. The purpose of Home Based New Born Care is to improve new born practices at the community level and early detection and referral of sick new born babies. 

9. Mother and Child Tracking System: A name based Mother and Child Tracking System has been put in place which is web based to ensure registration and tracking of all pregnant women and new born babies so that provision of regular and complete services to them can be ensured. 

According to Sample Registration System 2010 of Registrar General of India, Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in rural area is 51 per 1000 live births whereas in urban area IMR is 31 per 1000 live births. 


Source : Press Information Bureau
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